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For more information about how the system determines when to enter sleep, see System Sleep Criteria. Before the system enters sleep, it determines the appropriate sleep state, notifies applications and drivers of the pending transition, and then transitions the system to the sleep state.
In the case of a critical transition, such as when the critical battery threshold is reached, the system does not notify applications and drivers. Applications need to be prepared for this and take the appropriate action when the system returns to the working state. In these states S1-S3 , volatile memory is kept refreshed to maintain the system state. The system also wakes from sleep in response to user activity or a wake-up event defined by an application.
For more information, see System Wake-up Events. The amount of time it takes the system to wake depends on the sleep state it is waking from. The system takes more time to wake from a lower-powered state S3 than from a higher-powered state S1 because of the extra work the hardware may have to do stabilize the power supply, reinitialize the processor, and so forth. Applications that do not require critical background processing or that run on portable computers should not enable away mode because it prevents the system from conserving power by entering true sleep.
Hybrid sleep is a special state that's a combination of the sleep and hibernation states, it's when a system uses a hibernation file with S1-S3. It's only available on some systems. When enabled, the system writes a hibernation file but enters a higher-powered sleep state. If power is lost while the system is sleeping, the system wakes from hibernation, which takes longer but restores the user's system state.
Windows uses hibernation to provide a fast startup experience. When available, it's also used on mobile devices to extend the usable battery life of a system by giving a mechanism to save all of the user s state prior to shutting down the system.
In a Hibernate transition, all the contents of memory are written to a file on the primary system drive, the hibernation file. This preserves the state of the operating system, applications, and devices. In the case where the combined memory footprint consumes all of physical memory, the hibernation file must be large enough to ensure there will be space to save all the contents of physical memory.
Since data is written to non-volatile storage, DRAM does not need to maintain self-refresh and can be powered off, which means power consumption of hibernation is very low, almost the same as power off. During a full shutdown and boot S5 , the entire user session is torn down and restarted on the next boot. In contrast, during a hibernation S4 , the user session is closed and the user state is saved.
Fast startup is a type of shutdown that uses a hibernation file to speed up the subsequent boot. During this type of shutdown, the user is logged off before the hibernation file is created. Fast startup allows for a smaller hibernation file, more appropriate for systems with less storage capabilities.
For more info, see Hibernation file types. When using fast startup, the system appears to the user as though a full shutdown S5 has occurred, even though the system has actually gone through S4.
This includes how the system responds to device wake alarms. Fast startup logs off user sessions, but the contents of kernel session 0 are written to hard disk. This enables faster boot. Starting in Windows 8, fast startup is the default transition when a system shutdown is requested. A full shutdown S5 occurs when a system restart is requested or an application calls a shutdown API.
Starting in Windows 8, all cores on the system are used to compress the data in memory and write it to disk. To programmatically initiate a hibernate transition, call the SetSuspendState function. The OS boot manager determines that a resume from hibernation is required by detecting a valid hibernation file.
Then it directs the system to resume, restoring the contents of memory and all architectural registers. In the case of a resume from hibernation, the contents of the system memory are read back in from the disk, decompressed, and restored, putting the system in the exact state it was in when it was hibernated.
After memory is restored, the devices are re-started, the machine returns to a running state, ready for login. The best answers are voted up and rise to the top. Stack Overflow for Teams — Collaborate and share knowledge with a private group.
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